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تصفح الهيئات
التصفح المؤتمرات
التصفح حسب نوع المادة
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تم العثور علي : 3487
 تم العثور علي : 3487
  
 
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Thesis 2024.
In an increasingly competitive destination market - effective communication is unquestionably a key feature for the development of a strong country brand. Despite the notable adoption of Integrated marketing communications (IMC) across various contexts - its suitability for destinations has been neglected in the tourism literature. Moreover - implementing IMC poses greater complexities when applied at the national level compared to the company level.
As a result
- this research embraces IMC as a methodology within the context of country branding. It aims to assess the current perceptions of Egypt among potential international tourists and evaluate the effectiveness of various IMC tools including traditional media advertising - social media - websites - influencers - and events in shaping Egypt’s image from a tourist perspective. Furthermore - the research investigates the consequences of cultivating a positive country image for Egyptian tourism.
To achieve these objectives
- a mixed-methods approach was utilized. Qualitative data were gathered through semi-structured interviews with international students and staff from the University of Exeter - which were analysed thematically. Additionally - a quantitative study involved administering 365 online questionnaires via Qualtrics - distributed through Prolific - with data analysed using Partial Least Squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) on 334 valid responses.
The findings substantiate the critical role of IMC tools in forming a favorable country image. Specifically
- advertising - government websites - influencers - and social media were identified as direct triggers of a favourable Egypt image. The results further revealed that both cognitive and affective dimensions of image impact tourists’ intentions to visit; notably - only the affective image significantly influences perceived value.
This research provides essential insights for tourism marketers
- emphasising the need to reassess the role of IMC tools in fostering an image - which can lead to increased visit intentions and positive perceived value. The study makes a dual contribution: it pioneers the empirical examination of IMC in the context of country branding and demonstrates the effectiveness of IMC in creating a favourable image within the Egyptian tourism sector amidst recent challenges.
Keywords:
Integrated Marketing Communications
- Country Image - Perceived Value - Visit Intention - Egypt - In an increasingly competitive destination market - effective communication is unquestionably a key feature for the development of a strong country brand. Despite the notable adoption of Integrated marketing communications (IMC) across various contexts - its suitability for destinations has been neglected in the tourism literature. Moreover - implementing IMC poses greater complexities when applied at the national level compared to the company level.
As a result
- this research embraces IMC as a methodology within the context of country branding. It aims to assess the current perceptions of Egypt among potential international tourists and evaluate the effectiveness of various IMC tools including traditional media advertising - social media - websites - influencers - and events in shaping Egypt’s image from a tourist perspective. Furthermore - the research investigates the consequences of cultivating a positive country image for Egyptian tourism.
To achieve these objectives
- a mixed-methods approach was utilized. Qualitative data were gathered through semi-structured interviews with international students and staff from the University of Exeter - which were analysed thematically. Additionally - a quantitative study involved administering 365 online questionnaires via Qualtrics - distributed through Prolific - with data analysed using Partial Least Squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) on 334 valid responses.
The findings substantiate the critical role of IMC tools in forming a favorable country image. Specifically
- advertising - government websites - influencers - and social media were identified as direct triggers of a favourable Egypt image. The results further revealed that both cognitive and affective dimensions of image impact tourists’ intentions to visit; notably - only the affective image significantly influences perceived value.
This research provides essential insights for tourism marketers
- emphasising the need to reassess the role of IMC tools in fostering an image - which can lead to increased visit intentions and positive perceived value. The study makes a dual contribution: it pioneers the empirical examination of IMC in the context of country branding and demonstrates the effectiveness of IMC in creating a favourable image within the Egyptian tourism sector amidst recent challenges.
Keywords:
Integrated Marketing Communications
- Country Image - Perceived Value - Visit Intention - Egypt

Book 2003
ISBN: 978113870097

Thesis 2024.
The application of anaerobic processes has tended to be restricted to
strong industrial wastewaters. The success of anaerobic processes as a
treatment technology for high strength
- industrial wastewater has meant
that the potential of these processes for the treatment of low strength
wastewater has been evaluated. However
- one of the main challenges to
anaerobic technology remains its applicability to low-strength wastewaters
like sewage. The up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor is the
most widely and successfully used high rate anaerobic system for
wastewater treatment. The aim of the thesis is to increase the efficiency of
the system by adding conductive materials. Ecofriendly bio-adsorbents
such as Rice Straw
- Phragmites australis - and Commercial Activated
Carbon were used for chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal and
Biogas production from wastewater. Experiments using a multilevel
complete factorial design were conducted to optimize the removal
effectiveness of COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) while minimizing the
number of experiments required. To verify the structural characteristics
- elemental composition - and the existence of various functional groups - a
characterization investigation was conducted using X-ray diffractometry
(XRD)
- Fourier Transform InfraRed spectroscopy (FTIR) - Scanning
Electron Microscopy (SEM)
- and Brunner–Emmett–Teller (BET). Batch
experimental trails were operated to determine the optimum adsorpant
material
- its optimum dose - as well as the other operational parameters - such as solution pH - inoculation concentration - and their interactions
during COD removal and Biogas production were investigated. The
maximum removal of COD (99.63%) and the biogas production (5.16 mL
biogas/mg COD removed) of Rice Straw Biochar (RSB) were at pH value
- biochar dose - and buffalo sludge dose concentration were equal to 8 - 2 g/L -
IV
and 0%
- respectively. Commercial Activated Carbon (AC) has achieved
maximum removal of COD (95.55%)
- and the biogas production (6.08 mL
biogas/mg COD removed) at pH
- biochar dose - and buffalo sludge dose
concentration were equal to 5
- 2 g/L - and 0% - respectively. The maximum
removal of COD (98.88%) and the biogas production (4.08 mL biogas/mg
COD removed) of Phragmites australis Biochar (PaB) were at pH
- biochar dose - and buffalo sludge dose concentration were equal to 5 - 2 g/L - and 0% - respectively. These results revealed that rice straw biochar can be
used as an effective and low-cost adsorbent to remove COD from
wastewater. The surface properties of rice straw biochar substantially
affect its capability of removing metal ions from wastewater
- and fourier
transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopy is a great tool to
observe this surface composition. Two identical pilot-scale models
simulating “Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket” reactors (UASBs) were
built and operated continuously within the work frame of the present work
to investigate its performance and efficiency in treating buffalo
wastewater treatment. The effect of supporting media on the UASB
efficiency will be also invistgated at the field. The two UASB reactors
were operated under the same operational conditions and scenario
- the
reators operated at HRT equals 4hr and ambiaint temperature. Both R4
(conventional UASB) and R3 (modified UASB) were fed by settleled
wastewater . The condutive media was not added to R3 at the beigning. After the start-up
- the modified UASB reactor (R3) was inoculated with
rice straw biochar through an inclined pipe. Samples were collected and
analyzed periodically twice weekly. The results indicated that; For the
conventional reactor
- the maximum removal efficiency of COD - TSS - TDS - Color - and Turbidity was 79.89% - 74.04% - 80.11% - 72.72% - and
75.70%
- respectively. Cumulative biogas production reached 0.028 mL - The application of anaerobic processes has tended to be restricted to
strong industrial wastewaters. The success of anaerobic processes as a
treatment technology for high strength
- industrial wastewater has meant
that the potential of these processes for the treatment of low strength
wastewater has been evaluated. However
- one of the main challenges to
anaerobic technology remains its applicability to low-strength wastewaters
like sewage. The up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor is the
most widely and successfully used high rate anaerobic system for
wastewater treatment. The aim of the thesis is to increase the efficiency of
the system by adding conductive materials. Ecofriendly bio-adsorbents
such as Rice Straw
- Phragmites australis - and Commercial Activated
Carbon were used for chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal and
Biogas production from wastewater. Experiments using a multilevel
complete factorial design were conducted to optimize the removal
effectiveness of COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) while minimizing the
number of experiments required. To verify the structural characteristics
- elemental composition - and the existence of various functional groups - a
characterization investigation was conducted using X-ray diffractometry
(XRD)
- Fourier Transform InfraRed spectroscopy (FTIR) - Scanning
Electron Microscopy (SEM)
- and Brunner–Emmett–Teller (BET). Batch
experimental trails were operated to determine the optimum adsorpant
material
- its optimum dose - as well as the other operational parameters - such as solution pH - inoculation concentration - and their interactions
during COD removal and Biogas production were investigated. The
maximum removal of COD (99.63%) and the biogas production (5.16 mL
biogas/mg COD removed) of Rice Straw Biochar (RSB) were at pH value
- biochar dose - and buffalo sludge dose concentration were equal to 8 - 2 g/L -
IV
and 0%
- respectively. Commercial Activated Carbon (AC) has achieved
maximum removal of COD (95.55%)
- and the biogas production (6.08 mL
biogas/mg COD removed) at pH
- biochar dose - and buffalo sludge dose
concentration were equal to 5
- 2 g/L - and 0% - respectively. The maximum
removal of COD (98.88%) and the biogas production (4.08 mL biogas/mg
COD removed) of Phragmites australis Biochar (PaB) were at pH
- biochar dose - and buffalo sludge dose concentration were equal to 5 - 2 g/L - and 0% - respectively. These results revealed that rice straw biochar can be
used as an effective and low-cost adsorbent to remove COD from
wastewater. The surface properties of rice straw biochar substantially
affect its capability of removing metal ions from wastewater
- and fourier
transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopy is a great tool to
observe this surface composition. Two identical pilot-scale models
simulating “Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket” reactors (UASBs) were
built and operated continuously within the work frame of the present work
to investigate its performance and efficiency in treating buffalo
wastewater treatment. The effect of supporting media on the UASB
efficiency will be also invistgated at the field. The two UASB reactors
were operated under the same operational conditions and scenario
- the
reators operated at HRT equals 4hr and ambiaint temperature. Both R4
(conventional UASB) and R3 (modified UASB) were fed by settleled
wastewater . The condutive media was not added to R3 at the beigning. After the start-up
- the modified UASB reactor (R3) was inoculated with
rice straw biochar through an inclined pipe. Samples were collected and
analyzed periodically twice weekly. The results indicated that; For the
conventional reactor
- the maximum removal efficiency of COD - TSS - TDS - Color - and Turbidity was 79.89% - 74.04% - 80.11% - 72.72% - and
75.70%
- respectively. Cumulative biogas production reached 0.028 mL

Book 2021.
ISBN: 9781351251006

Thesis 2024

Book 2022.
ISBN: 9789351116295

Thesis 2024.

Book 2022.
ISBN: 9781639892396

Articles 2024
Vol. 40، No. 5، P. 2(May2024) /
   

Thesis 2024.


من 349
 







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