الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
As women are protected from coronary artery disease until the menopause by ovarian hormones, morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease increase in women after the menopause due to loss of the protective effect of estrogen.
Also accelerated bone loss in women is clearly related to loss of ovarian function with increased risk of fractures. So in the last decade the focus of postmenopausal hormone therapy has changed from short — term treatment to the preventive health care benefits associated with long- term treatment. It is almost certain that the long term disabilities of osteoporosis can be largely prevented by therapy with estrogen and progestin. It is accepted that appropriate doses of estrogen have a beneficial impact on the risk of cardiovascular disease.
In this study we determined the relation between nitric oxide and hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women We determined the nitric oxide metabolites in the form of nitrite and nitrate levels in forty postmenopausal women already were treated by hormone replacement therapy (conjugated estrogen,combined estrogen-progesterone, combined estrogen-and rogen and transdermal skin patches ) for variable durations ranged from 6 months to more than one year.