الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
This research aims to investigate the impact of natural and human disasters on the displacement of citizens and their transformation into refugees seeking basic rights.
It explores the link between such disasters and the magnitude of geographical, social, and urban transformations, and examines their effects on urban development in host countries. The absence of an optimal method for planning environmentally friendly and sustainable settlements to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in countries hosting refugees from natural and human pandemics is also addressed. The study emphasizes the significance of these settlements as effective models for managing crises and assisting those affected worldwide.
Without decisive action in response to these disasters and crises, negative adaptation strategies, such as living with minimal available supplies for prolonged periods, become inevitable. Despite the pressing needs for food, medicine, and clothing, individuals affected by displacement are forced to accept these dire conditions. This research distinguishes displacement from migration and planned relocations, shedding light on the specific challenges posed by displacement and the appropriate actions that host country governments should undertake.
The core objective of this research is to present an integrated model for hosting countries to effectively manage refugees and forcibly migrated individuals, considering their urban impact. The proposed model seeks to address the complex dynamics of displacement, incorporating factors such as governance, resource allocation, settlement planning, and social cohesion. By providing a comprehensive framework, this research aims to support hosting countries in developing sustainable solutions and promoting inclusive urban development in the face of forced displacement crises.