الفهرس 
. IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 123 |  |  |
| | | from | 123 | | |
Abstract
Couples may use the intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) procedure, which involves injecting one sperm into an egg, to achieve fertilization in vitro. ICSI has been used to treat severe male infertility in an increasing number of countries over the past ten years, which is characterized by a lack of viable, morphologically normal sperm in the male partner’s ejaculate (Agarwal and Sekhon 2010). The clinical pregnancy & live-birth rates remain around thirty to forty percent in spite of several breakthroughs in assisted reproductive technology (ART) approaches over the previous 3 decades (Björndahl et al., 2005).