الفهرس 
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Abstract
Summary:
The present in vitro study was aimed to compare between the ability of three
fruit vinegars ( apple, dates and pomegranate) and NaOCl followed by EDTA as
root canal irrigants to inhibit the growth of E. faecalis biofilm in the root canal
by counting the CFU/ ml and also their ability to remove intracanal smear layer
by SEM.
In the present study, 67 unidentified single rooted human premolars were
divided into 5 equal groups (n=13): apple vinegar group, dates vinegar group,
pomegranate vinegar group, NaOCl/ EDTA group and saline (control) group. The
remaining 2 teeth were only used for confirmation of biofilm formation.
Teeth were decoronated to standardize the root length, then all teeth were
instrumented using Denjoy rotary files and irrigated only with saline solution
between each file. All roots were sterilized then infected with clinical strain of E.
faecalis and incubated for 21 days to allow mature biofilm formation.
Initial microbial samples S1 were taken from the root canals with paper point
technique then disinfection of root canals was carried out by irrigation with the
corresponding irrigant. Second microbial samples S2 were taken immediately
after the irrigation procedures. Then the roots were again incubated for 1 week
after which the third microbial samples S3 were taken.
For evaluation of smear layer removal, all roots were longitudinally sectioned
and scanned with SEM at coronal, middle and apical thirds. Image analysis was
carried out using imageJ software.
Summary
88
Results of the present study showed that dates vinegar has the highest
antibacterial action after 20 min of irrigation followed by NaOCl/EDTA with no
statistically significant difference between the two groups. However, after 1
week, NaOCl/EDTA achieved the highest antibacterial action followed by dates
vinegar with no significant difference. For smear layer removal , NaOCl/EDTA
showed the highest ability to remove smear layer followed by dates vinegar with
no significant difference.
The antibacterial action of pomegranate vinegar was higher than apple vinegar
after 20 min of irrigation with no significant difference. However, after one week,
the antibacterial action of pomegranate was significantly higher than apple
vinegar. The smear layer removal ability of pomegranate vinegar was non
significantly higher than apple vinegar. Saline has significantly the least
antibacterial action and smear layer removal ability.