الفهرس 
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Nausea and VomitingOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
General anesthesia is widely used in several surgeries. It can cause some complications such as postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). PONV is more common in general anesthesia than spinal anesthesia (1, 2). PONV remains an extremely significant challenge due to its complex mechanism, resulting in serious consequences. Therefore, an effective way to prevent or arrest PONV is urgently needed as Also, it can cause electrolyte imbalance and aggravate bleeding that delay hospital discharge (3). The causes of PONV are multifactorial and can largely be categorized as patient risk factors, anaesthetic technique, and surgical procedure. Antiemetics work on several different receptor sites to prevent or treat PONV. No single antiemetic pharmaceutical has been provided to be a universal solution to PONV. In general, multimodal combination treatment has superior viability for PONV prophylaxis compared with monotherapy (4,5).