الفهرس 
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Abstract
our study was conducted to evaluate the retrievability of the bioactive silicon based sealer GuttaFlow Bioseal using different activation of irrigation techniques.
Retrievability, was evaluated by measuring the percentage of remaining obturation filling material.
The total number of samples (n=45) were classified into three main groups (I, II, and III) (n=15) according to the method of activation of the irrigant.
Samples were prepared using Protaper universal files until F5. The three groups were obturated using GuttaFlow Bioseal injection through the canal orifice and placement of gutta-percha master cone and auxiliaries by lateral condensation technique.
Obturation material of samples of the three groups was removed using Protaper universal retreatment system followed by more canal instrumentation using F4 and F5 until no obturation material can be distinguished on the last file and final apical refinement using K-file #50.
Percentage of remaining obturation material was measured by vertical sectioning of the roots followed by image capturing by digital microscope and image analysis using imageJ software.
All the three activation of irrigation methods left more remaining filling material apically followed by middle third, and the least was the coronal third which was significantly less than apical and middle thirds.
In apical third Normal passive irrigation group had the highest percentage of remaining filling material followed by Laser activated group with statistically significant difference and the least was the Ultrasonic activated group which had remaining filling material significantly less than the other two methods.
In middle third Normal passive irrigation group had the highest percentage of remaining filling material followed by Laser activated group with statistically significant difference and the least was the Ultrasonic activated group which had remaining filling material significantly less than the other two methods.
In apical third Normal passive irrigation group had the highest percentage of remaining filling material followed by Laser activated group with statistically significant difference and the least was the Ultrasonic activated group which had remaining filling material significantly less than the other two methods.
The Ultrasonic activation of irrigation was statistically significantly less than Laser activated irrigation followed by Normal passive irrigation in mean of presence of residual filling material after retreatment.