الفهرس 
Chapter oneOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The present thesis includes the preparation, characterization and evaluation of the structural changes of the prepared samples. The present study can be divided into two basic sections. Section (I) concerns with ’’Structural properties and preparation of pure materials (Chitosan films and Polyethylene oxide’’ in which Chitosan and Polyethylene oxide films were prepared via casting technique. In this section X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were employed to test the physical and chemical characteristics of pure materials. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) adopted to study surface morphology. Synthesized membranes exhibit a higher degree of crystallinity, according to XRD data decreases with increasing chitosan content. Infrared spectroscopy revealed that the studied samples show significant structural changes as a result of intermolecular interactions with the appearance of characteristic peaks belonging to individual polymers. The change in intensity may be attributed to the molecular interaction through strong hydrogen bonds between hydroxyl and amino groups on chitosan molecules and ether groups in PEO. Roughness parameters appear to be correlated with the increase in chitosan content. Section (II) concerns with ”Testing of antimicrobial activity and swelling rate of prepared samples with different concentrations changes in their crystallinity. Changes in FTIR spectra are concluding the specific interaction in polymer matrices. Cs/PEO improves the anti-microbial activity. Accordingly, these modified polymer may be useful in many applications.