الفهرس Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Environmental and human health impacts of materials are a hidden cost of our built environment. Impacts during manufacture, transport, installation, use, and disposal of construction materials can be significant, yet often invisible. Despite the fact that we can{u2019}t see their impacts, materials used in construction of the built environment are damaging the world{u2019}s ecosystems at an alarming rate. Most materials are made from nonrenewable resources, and their extraction disrupts habitats; impacts soil, air, and water; and affects human health either directly or indirectly through environmental damage. Millions of people live and work on university campus everyday. All this came along with the high need of using sustainable materials in site landscape for campus spaces to incorporating the efficiency and complexity of nature into the landscape, restoring damaged ecologies, increasing biodiversity, promoting human health