الفهرس 
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Abstract
Lately, innovation in information and communication technology (ICT) has been pervasive. It produced new conceptual types of cities. Smart cities are the first generation of those ICT cities. Recently, a considerable number of scientific researchers have studied the concept of smart cities in various fields. This research concerns with responsive cities, which are a step after smart cities. It began with looking for the abilities of responsive cities to solve cities’ issues, especially in our ICT era and away from conventional means of solving cities’ problems.
Although responsive cities ensure citizens’ participation in governance their city through placing citizens in the centre of planning, management, and designing their city, many constraints could hinder practicing good governance. A clear example is that the power of citizens’ involvement is limited to a particular group of stakeholders, plus the absence of their participation in designing their city. Those constraints affect citizens’ degree of satisfaction with their cities and conflict with the responsive cities’ concept.
For that reason, one of this thesis’s objectives is to develop participatory urban governance through the concept of ”responsiveness” in the ICT era, to produce principles of applying responsive urban governance (RUG) (mechanisms and tools) which came to light from the analysis of successful international examples. It moreover introduced a framework that defines the relationship between elements of responsive cities.