الفهرس 
Chapter One: IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful “And [remember] when your Lord proclaimed, ‘if you are grateful, I will surely increase you [in favor]; but if you deny, indeed, My punishment is severe.’” [Quran 14:7] All praise is due to Allah, by his honor and majesty, deeds of virtue are accomplished. All praises to Allah for guiding me and giving me the strength to finish this study. Indeed, with every hardship I faced Allah brought ease.
Thanks are due to my supervisors, professor Nadia Shalaby and professor Nagwa Younis for teaching me that research is fun and enjoyable. Every step of this study was enjoyable thanks to them. They supported and guided me and my colleagues as if we were their sons and daughters. Professor Nadia Shalaby is a source of inspiration in the field of linguistics and in life as well. I am also grateful for her patience towards my multiple emails, calls, and rough drafts. In addition, I would like to thank her for not showing the slightest sign of discomfort even when she was extremely busy. All the words in the world will not be enough to express my gratitude. Moreover, I would like to thank professor Nagwa Younis for her kind words and constructive comments. Despite being extremely busy, she listened to me attentively and encouraged me to improve my thesis. I am grateful for her motivating words and prayers the most. She also encouraged me to study statistics which was necessary for this study.
My deepest gratitude for my parents for their continuous support and prayers. I thank them for encouraging me to pursue my master’s degree. I learned a lot of things, acquired experience,
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and enjoyed the journey. Many thanks for my sisters Samar and Manal for encouraging, and understanding me. I want to thank my aunt and cousins as well for their prayers and supportive messages. Last but not least, many thanks to Sarah Hussein, a sister and a friend, for helping me by providing articles about Kurds and for helping me distribute the survey among Kurds by sharing the link of the survey with her family members and friends.