الفهرس 
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Abstract
The current study was aimed to investigate the potential of two reed types, namely Giant reed (Arundo donax) and common reed (Phragmites australis), and two reed parts i.e., reed stem only and whole reed plant as alternative fibers resources can be used for pulp and paper industry. The study was also carried out to study the effect of beating process using four levels, namely unbeaten, 15, 30 and 45°SR on the quality of paper produced by soda-AQ
pulping process. The pulping conditions were : 16% total alkali as expressed in NaOH (based on w/w of oven-dry reed raw materials), an anthraquinone concentration of 0.1% (w/w based
on the oven-dry raw materials), 90 min. cooking time at 175C final temperature with 10:1 liquor to air-dried reed chips ratio. The experiment was designed as complete randomize design (CRD) and least significant difference at 5% level of probability (LSD0.05) was used to
detect the differences between reed types, reed parts and beating process, as well as to detect the interactions between all factors used in the current study.
After reed collection, biomass and biomass allocation of each reed type was
determined in green and dry basis. To characterization the chemical composition of reed, the
contents of total extractives, the solubility of reed in 1% NaOH, cellulose, hemicellulose and
lignin were determined as a percentage and dry basis according to the standard methods. Fiber analysis of reed was conducted and the fiber length, fiber diameter, fiber lumen diameter and
fiber cell wall thickness were measured as well as derived indices were calculated from the fiber dimensions.
After pulping, the screen pulp of the two types of reeds was evaluated for the pulp analysis including pulp yield, lignin content, Kappa number and ash content as well as for SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
112 determination the strength properties of the produced papersheets using TAPPI Standards. The following conclusions may be draw.
1. Among the tested of the reed plant and based on oven-dry bases, the proportion of stem weight was the highest for A. donax (60.8%) and P. australis (62.1%), while the
proportion weight of leaves for both reed types was about 15%.
2. The biomass yield of the two reed types used were32.2 t.ha-1 for A. donax and 38.4 t.ha-1 for P. australis. The two types of reeds gave an amount of dry matter that exceeds the amount of dry matter produced by some tree species and other non-woody plants.
3. With exception of extractives and ash contents, the three main chemical components of the two reed plants were in the range of typical hardwood species and P. australis had the highest hemicellulose content of 33.9% and ash content of 3.9%, while A. donax had the
lowest lignin and extractives content values.