الفهرس 
All-inside anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction by tight rope
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Abstract
Introduction: The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) has an important function in carrying Loads throughout the entire knee motion and so it plays a major role in knee stability and proprioception. As ACL injury is the most common ligament injury in the knee, its Reconstruction is considered a common surgical procedure for orthopedic surgeons. Purpose: to evaluate the functional and clinical results of the all-inside ACL reconstruction technique done through retrograde drilling with fixation of the graft by tight ropes both femoral and tibial sides. And to report its complications. Patients and methods: 40 patients with ACL deficient knee, treated by arthroscopic ACL reconstruction using the all inside retrograde technique for socket preparation. And fixation of a single semitendinosus tendon graft by two tight ropes on the femoral and tibial sides. The follow up of the patients was recorded 12 months after surgery. Results: The patients’ final lysholm mean score at 12 months, was 92.78 ± 4.24. And the final IKDC subjective mean score at 12 months was 91.12 ± 4.85. Regarding the knee effusion at 12 months follow up, the results showed 37 patients (92.5%) were graded A, and 3 patients (7.5%) with grade B. regarding passive ROM deficit after surgery, results for lack of full knee flexion and extension were the same, where 39 patients (97.5%) were graded A, and 1 patient (2.5%) was graded B. The functional tests result after 12 months follow up showed 24 patients (60%) were graded A, and 16 patients were graded B for Lachman test, while for one leg hop test the results showed 22 patients (55%) were graded A, 17 patients (42.5%) were graded B, and only 1 patient (2.5%) was graded C