الفهرس 
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Abstract
The increasing world population would lead to further increase in the number of livestock as demand for meat and milk increases and that would mean emission of more cattle, buffaloes. So that it must be important to study the disease agents which affect the health and productivity of these Farm animals causing severe economic losses.
Mycoplasma is one of the causative agents of diseases to cattle, buffaloes and camels which alone or together with viruses and/or bacteria cause important specific disorders, such as rhinitis, infertility problems, mastitis, granular vulvovaginitis, pneumonia and conjunctivitis
The present study was planned to illustrate the prevalence of genital Mycoplasma and Uraplasma infection in some reprodutive disturbances of cows, also helping disclosing their role in genital tract of bulls. and since numerous species of Mycoplasma have been reported to be associated with mastitis in dairy cattle. and that Mycoplasma bovis and Mycoplasma bovigenetalium are the most dominant species associated with bovine mastitis, there for this study focus upon prevalence of these two species.
Samples were collected between 2016 toJULY 2020 were: mastitic milk samples (n=3229) collected from different dairy farms located in different governorates in Egypt as well as 90 milk tanks for screening some dairy farms by ELISA, 120 vaginal swabs, 29 from aborted foeti In addition to77 semen samples and 187 preputial swabs were collected from bulls.
All samples were examined by conventional cultural methods, biochemical and serological tests.
The isolation rate of Mycoplasma was as follow For milk (12%) the highest percent was from Alexandria Governorates with 25.7% and the lowest percent of isolation was from Kafr elsheikh with 5.3% vaginal swabs (15.8%) for Mycoplasma the highest percent was from Kaluobia and Menofia Governorates with 20%, followed by Alexandria with 17.5% and the lowest percent of isolation was from Giza with 5.3% and (30.8%) for Uraplasma the highest from Giza 50% and lowest from Menofia 26.6%, aborted foeti (17.2%), semen (5.19%) and finally for preputial swabs (18.72 %) the higest percent was from Esmalia Governorate 53.3%, followed by Giza Governorate 25%, the lowest incidence of Mycoplasma was from kafr El-sheikh 4.4%.
The prevalence of Mycoplasma mastitis is not frequently investigated.so the need to apply other diagnostic method like ELISA and PCR to overcome the fastidious nature of Mycoplasma and dilution of sample which may mask low shedding.
In this study 90 milk bulk tanks were examined by indirect ELISA to detect M. bovis antibodies as a rapid screening test in addition to culturing and the result was 73.3%, 22.2% respectively.
Atotal of 50 randomly selected mycoplasma isolates were applied for PCR technique for detection of class mollicutes then to M. bovis, M. bovigenetalium, M. Bovirhinis and M. arginini. The results revealed that 96%,64%,14%, none respectively. as well as 22 random Ureaplasma isolates with result 36.3%
Sequencing considered avery useful tool for differntiation and for epidemiological studies.
In this study 2 M. bovis isolates (accession no. MZ234705 and MZ234706), 2 M. bovigenitalium isolates (accession no. MZ241482 and MZ066722) and 2 U. diversum isolates (accession no.MW090795 and MW090794) were analysed.
The increasing world population would lead to further increase in the number of livestock as demand for meat and milk increases and that would mean emission of more cattle, buffaloes. So that it must be important to study the disease agents which affect the health and productivity of these Farm animals causing severe economic losses.
Mycoplasma is one of the causative agents of diseases to cattle, buffaloes and camels which alone or together with viruses and/or bacteria cause important specific disorders, such as rhinitis, infertility problems, mastitis, granular vulvovaginitis, pneumonia and conjunctivitis
The present study was planned to illustrate the prevalence of genital Mycoplasma and Uraplasma infection in some reprodutive disturbances of cows, also helping disclosing their role in genital tract of bulls. and since numerous species of Mycoplasma have been reported to be associated with mastitis in dairy cattle. and that Mycoplasma bovis and Mycoplasma bovigenetalium are the most dominant species associated with bovine mastitis, there for this study focus upon prevalence of these two species.
Samples were collected between 2016 toJULY 2020 were: mastitic milk samples (n=3229) collected from different dairy farms located in different governorates in Egypt as well as 90 milk tanks for screening some dairy farms by ELISA, 120 vaginal swabs, 29 from aborted foeti In addition to77 semen samples and 187 preputial swabs were collected from bulls.
All samples were examined by conventional cultural methods, biochemical and serological tests.
The isolation rate of Mycoplasma was as follow For milk (12%) the highest percent was from Alexandria Governorates with 25.7% and the lowest percent of isolation was from Kafr elsheikh with 5.3% vaginal swabs (15.8%) for Mycoplasma the highest percent was from Kaluobia and Menofia Governorates with 20%, followed by Alexandria with 17.5% and the lowest percent of isolation was from Giza with 5.3% and (30.8%) for Uraplasma the highest from Giza 50% and lowest from Menofia 26.6%, aborted foeti (17.2%), semen (5.19%) and finally for preputial swabs (18.72 %) the higest percent was from Esmalia Governorate 53.3%, followed by Giza Governorate 25%, the lowest incidence of Mycoplasma was from kafr El-sheikh 4.4%.
The prevalence of Mycoplasma mastitis is not frequently investigated.so the need to apply other diagnostic method like ELISA and PCR to overcome the fastidious nature of Mycoplasma and dilution of sample which may mask low shedding.
In this study 90 milk bulk tanks were examined by indirect ELISA to detect M. bovis antibodies as a rapid screening test in addition to culturing and the result was 73.3%, 22.2% respectively.
Atotal of 50 randomly selected mycoplasma isolates were applied for PCR technique for detection of class mollicutes then to M. bovis, M. bovigenetalium, M. Bovirhinis and M. arginini. The results revealed that 96%,64%,14%, none respectively. as well as 22 random Ureaplasma isolates with result 36.3%
Sequencing considered avery useful tool for differntiation and for epidemiological studies.
In this study 2 M. bovis isolates (accession no. MZ234705 and MZ234706), 2 M. bovigenitalium isolates (accession no. MZ241482 and MZ066722) and 2 U. diversum isolates (accession no.MW090795 and MW090794) were analysed.