الفهرس 
An Overview on Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Neutrophil lymphocyte ratioOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
ADHD is a common childhood neurobehavioural disorder defined by symptoms of developmentally inappropriate inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity. A recent meta-analysis estimated the worldwide prevalence of ADHD to be 5.29%, making it the most prevalent psychiatric disorder of childhood. The social and economic costs of childhood ADHD are considerable, and difficulties often persist into adulthood. Children with ADHD are at high risk for developing adjustment problems, antisocial behaviour, substance abuse, other psychiatric disorders, and difficulties in education and work.
Until relatively recently, the causal relation between ADHD and inflammation has remained unclear. The higher co-occurrence of ADHD with inflammatory and autoimmune disorders may suggest a range of underlying mechanisms, including an altered immune response, common genetics, and environmental links. It has also been suggested that increased cytokine release due to an inflammatory process may affect the prefrontal cortex functioning.
ADHD patients were more likely to have asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and allergic conjunctivitis in comparison to the non-ADHD subjects from the population.
There have been a limited number of studies reporting altered levels of inflammatory biomarkers in children and adolescents with ADHD. Some studies used cytokines as inflammatory markers in ADHD. The cytokines costs as inflammatory markers are too much expensive so researchers start to use another inflammatory marker that are less expensive and less invasive.
NLR, PLR and MPV are new, simple and inexpensive marker of the systemic inflammatory response. Few studies have examined NLR, PLR and MPV in population with mental disorders although it is inexpensive.
The relation between NLR, PLR and MPV as inflammatory markers and pathogenesis of ADHD has been evident in only few studies. Our study aimed to investigate this relation and further verification of its value. Increasing evidence suggests that immunological and inflammatory dysfunctions may play an essential role on predisposition, onset, and progression of psychiatric disorders like ADHD