الفهرس 
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Abstract
Eight patients were selected for this study with maxillary completely edentulous arch opposed to mandibular distal extension ridges posterior to second premolar teeth. The patients were randomly and equally divided into two groups; (group I) received extracoronal attachment removable partial dentures with lingual bracing arm incorporated in the retainer unit and (group II) received extracoronal attachment removable partial dentures without lingual bracing arm. For each group, the abutment vertical alveolar bone height changes were evaluated radiographically immediately, after 6 and 12 months of RPD insertion.