الفهرس 
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Abstract
Background: Renal failure is the condition in which renal function is compromised. In the present study we report the effects of moringa oleifera extract on parotid gland of cisplatin- induced renal failure in albino rats. Material and methods: Adult male rats were divided into four groups of twelve rats each. 1.In control group I, animals were received 6 mg /kg body wt. of saline by i.p. injection which repeated after 2 weeks. 2. Study groups (II, III and IV) induction of renal failure done by single i.p. injection of 6 mg /kg body wt. of cisplatin in group III, while in group II and IV this dose was repeated after 2 weeks.4 days later after the first injection of cisplatin, blood samples were collected for creatinine level analysis. In group III after the blood analysis animals received 5 mg /kg body wt. / day of moringa oleifera extract for 2 weeks and again blood analysis were done. In group IV after the second injection of cisplatin, animals received the same dose of moringa oleifera extract for 2 weeksand again blood analysis was done. Animals were sacrificed at 2 intervals, in group I: after 18& 32 days from the start of experiment. In group II: after collection of blood samples &1 week later. In group III and IV at the end of moringa treatment& 1 week later. Results: Cisplatin administration induced renal failure which was accompanied by increase in serum creatinine level and manifested histologically in parotid gland as cracks like vacuolations, widening of connective tissue septa, loss of acinar outlines and hydropic degeneration. DNA damage and malondialdehyde level in the renal tissues was significantly increased. The administration of moringa minimized the cytotoxic effect of cisplatin in group III & IV which was detected by decrease in serum creatinine level, decrease in DNA damage and malondialdehyde level and evidenced histologically as densely packed serous acini with regular basally located nuclei having symmetrical shape and size restoring its normal pattern. Immunohistochemical examination of caspase 3 expression of group II showed significant increase in caspase3positive immune - reactivity indicating apoptotic changes while in group III & IV expression of caspase 3 was lesser. Conclusion: These results suggest that moringa oleifera extractmay protect against the negative effects of renal failure on parotid gland.