الفهرس 
INTRODUCTION.Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 16 |  |  |
| | | from | 16 | | |
Abstract
The current work aims at devoting much attention to identify
the genetic and diagnostic horizons that predominate within the
main sediments in El Fayoum region. Depending on the previous
studies which exactly distinguished the locations of different
parent materialsat the area. Seventeen soil profiles were chosen to
represent these sediments to run up the soil physical, chemical
and mineralogical analysis. Some of six soil profiles were
selected to represent the uniform soil parent materials to
assessment their soil development.
Soils of Nile fluvial deposits are likely non saline, non
alkaline and have low content of CaCO3 and gypsum. The most
abundant features are the formation of argillic and Bt horizons in
some developed soils. These soils belonged to Torrifluvents,
Haplargids, and Torriorthents
Soils of fluvio-lacustrine deposits comprise a clayey to sandy
clayey loams in their texture. The soils weakly affected with
salinity and alkalinity. The cultivation practices are the main
factors affecting soil development. Some of these soils are
Haplcacids and Haplargids.
Soils of fluvio–desertic deposits have different lithological
and environmental parameters. The most abundent genetic
horizons aresalic, gypsic, calcic and Bt horizons. The
accumulation of these constituents ismore related with cultivation
practices. Some soils are Calcigypsids and Torripsamments.
Soils of lacustrine deposits differentiated into recent and old
according to the deposional age. The recent deposits composed of
gypsiferous shale white marls limestons and sand, forming the
present Lake shore lines. The old lacustrine deposits comprised
limestone mixed gravels and sand with pebbles making the old
shorelines in the historical periods. These soils show many
genetic and diagnostic horizon, i.e., salic, calcic, argillicgypsic
and Bt horizons.
Desertic deposits differentiated into aeolian and aquous
deposits according to the agent of transportation and media of
deposition. These soils varied in texture between sandy to clayey
soils. The recoginised diagnostic horizons are salic, calcic,
argillicand gypsic. The soils are Haplocalcids and Haplosalids.
The uniformity ratio confirms the existence of many uniform
soils which put under further investigations to study their
development. Also the weathering ratios were used to
differentiate the intensity of the weathering processes.
The soil development may be established via assessment the
movements of soil constituents. The total elemental analysis
comprised the variation in elements contents. Studying loss and
gain and amorphous materialsshowed their differences with depth
in some soils. The micromorphological investigations may
confirm the distinguished genetic horizons and soil development.