الفهرس 
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Abstract
A growth retarded fetus is that fetus whose birth weight lies below the tenth percentile of the normal growth curve. Intra—uterine growth retardation ( IUGR ) complicates up to 10% of all pregnancies, and it is stated that 25% of newborn infants weighing less than 2500 gm are actually growth retarded and are not premature infants.
TUOR is arsociated with about six fold to eight fold increase in perinatal mortality and morbidity. Despite this, less than 40% of infants with 111CR are recognized before birth The causes of IUGR may be categorized under three groups:
fetal, placental and maternal causes.
flacental insuffiency is increminated to be an important factor in this syndrome. In this study we investigate the morphometric variations in placentas taken from normal pregnancies, hypertensive pregnancies, and pregnancies associated with IUGR.
The common mistake of mixing the growth retarded infants with the premature infants, urged us to study a number of indices for evaluating the maturity of the newborn.