الفهرس 
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Abstract
The studied area lies in the southeastern part of the Nile Delta. It is
bounded by 31° 15’, 31° 30’ longitudes E and 30° 05’, 30° 20’ latitudes N.
1-Hydrogeological studies
1.1 Surface water system
The surface water system comprises a set of canals (Ismailia canal,
El Sharqawiyyah canal, El Tawfiqiyyah canal, Kashmir El Yumna canal
-and Kashmer El Yusra) and a set of drains (Belbies drain, Shibin Al
Qanater drain and Gabal Al Asfer drain).
Generally, the surface water levels of canals (Ismailia, El
Sharqawiyyah, El Tawfiqiyyah, Kashmir El Yumna and Kashmir El
Yusra) increase in summer and decrease in winter during years 1990,
1995, 2000 and 2005 in response to the water quantities entered these
canals. The water quantities entered Ismailia canal increase with time.
The minimum quantity of water was 4000 M. m3 in 1990, while the
maximum quantity of water was 5075 M.m3 in 2005. Also, the water
quantities entered El Sharqawiyyah canal increase with time. The
minimum quantity of water was 652.3M.m3 in 1990, while the maximum
- quantity of water was 739 M.m3 in 2005.
1.2 Groundwater system
The Quaternary deposits in the Nile Delta form one of the most
important aquifer in Egypt. The Quaternary aquifer is discriminated into
two hydrogeological units; the upper unit is Holocene aquitard and lower
one is the Pleistocene aquifer.