الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Blood transfusion is the process of transferring blood or blood products from one person into the circulatory system of another. Blood transfusions can be life saving in some situations, such as massive blood loss in trauma and during surgery. Also it may be used to treat severe anemia , leucopenia and thrombocytopenia. Blood transfusion complications are: Febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reaction, infections (bacterial, Viral, fungal and protozoal), acute hemolytic reaction, anaphylactic reaction and transfusion-associated acute lung injury (TRALI). Transfusions to immunocompromised patients cause additional immunological or infectious problems. Immunocompromised patients have weakened immune systems of acquired or inherited immune deficiency disorder due to cancer and its treatment, blood disorders, organ transplantation and HIV infection. Transfusion associated graft-versus-host disease (TA-GvHD) is an immunological hazard. It results from inability of the recipient to reject donor T cells. It can also occur in immunocompetent patients receiving cellular components from close relatives. It can be prevented by irradiating the blood products prior to transfusion. In immunocompromised patients cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is an infectious hazard of blood transfusion which causes serious disease in immunocompromised patients. Leucodepleted cellular components may be an effective alternative to seronegative blood products for prevention of transfusion associated CMV infection.