الفهرس 
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Abstract
The first part of this thesis is concerned with a literature survey on ruthenium(III) and ruthenium(II) complexes containing N,N and O,N ligands followed by details on the preparation and characterization of the complexes. Elemental analysis spectroscopic techniques (IR, Uvvisible and ESR), magnetic and the electrochemical techniques were used for the characterization of the new complexes. Reaction of cis[RuCl2(bipy)2].2H2O with ligands (L = N,Ndonor and L` = O,Ndonor ligands) in aqueous methanol gives the following complexes The second part of the thesis is concerned with the use of the complexes cis[Ru(bip)2(ophd)]( ClO4)2.2H2O, cis[Ru(bip)2(8hq)] (ClO4)2.2H2O, trans[RuCl2(2aph)2]Cl.2H2O and trans[RuCl2(2 apy)2]Cl.2H2O for catalytic oxidation of benzyl, pipronyl, benzohydrol and benzoin alcohols respectively to the corresponding carbonyl compounds. This has been carried out in the presence of Nmethylmorphline Noxide (NMO), the yield and turnover have been calculated and found to be in the range 55 85% and 110175, respectively. This indicates the possibility of using these complexes for catalytic oxidation of these aromatic alcohols. Attempts have been carried for the use of some of the new ruthenium(III) complexes for oxidative cleavage of some linear and cyclic alkenes but all attempts were found unsuccessful. So we studied the use of cis[RuCl2(bipy)2].2H2O with IO(OH)5 in (CH3CN, CCl4, H2O 1: 1 : 2 V/V) for this reaction and we found that the system is a good catalyst for oxidative cleavage of cyclohexene to adipic acid and hexene to pentanoic acid. The UVvisible spectroscopic technique is used for identification of the catalytic species and found to be [RuO4] which results from reaction of cis[RuCl2(bipy)2].2H2O with IO(OH)5. The yield and turnover have been calculated and found to be in the range 9092% and 180184 respectively. We conclude that the new complexes can be used as catalytst for oxidation of these alcohols and the results obtained are also good and reproducible when repeated. The catalytic system cis [RuCl2(bipy)2].2H2O/IO(OH)5 is good for oxidative cleavage of alkene to the corresponding acid at room temperature.