الفهرس 
Aim of workOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
This work is started by displaying the main goal of the subject in view which specialized in the correlation between the collected pollutants and petroleum to indicate the origin of them using GC, FTIR and UV \ Vis. techniques. Also, to achieve the best possibility of minimizing the environmental impact of the oil spill by the use of different surfactants with three different concentrations. Oilpolluted samples were collected from Alexandria and Eldekhela harbors to detect the petroleum origin and the degree of weathering for these pollutants. The sample was analyzed by three different techniques, GC analysis for oil identification, FTIR to provide information about the molecular structure and UV for the determination of aromatic components of petroleum. The GC chromatogram analysis for the original surface film has a homologous series of nalkanes distributed with regularly spaced peaks of gradually changed size over UCM. Such feature indicates that these surface oil films are mainly of petroleum origin. Oil extracted from water has generally the same profiles. The change of nalkane peak height and UCM size indicates that they differ in the degree of weathering. Comparing the chromatogram profiles of location II and I clearly indicate that oil pollutants collected from location I have been exposed to different weathering processes especially evaporation. This idea is confirmed by FTIR where all of them (except few samples) have characteristic bands. The band at ~ 1700 cm1 is attributed to the carbonyl group (by weathering carbonyl components increases). Also few sharp aromatic bands can be observed in the lower range (< 1000 cm 1 ) of the spectra. These bands are due to the di and triaromatic components, which probably characterized the weathered oil spill. The efficiency of the tested nonionic surfactants, OL(EO)14 and LA(EO)14 and the ionic SDS as dispersing agents for oil spill in sea water was evaluated by the aid of UV spectroscopic measurements and GC analysis. Three different (above, below and at CMC) concentrations for each investigated surfactant were used. It has been found that the SDS disperses the diaromatic components of location II pollutants, while it acts as flocculation for location I. A good dispersion is shown for both di and polyaromatic components with the addition of LA(EO)14 to the sea water collected from the two locations. OL(EO)14 shows a good dispersion for diaromatic components of location I. On the other hand, both di and polyaromatic components present in sea water collected from location II are solubilized to a good extent. Generally, the study reveals the fact that nonionic surfactants are excellent dispersing agents than the ionic one.