الفهرس 
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Abstract
This work deals with a study and review of phase locked loops and their general behaviour within the locking range and during pull-in periods. The static errors are considered and ageneralised optimization for minimum transient error is derived with the aid of a digital computer. A method for improving the pull-in characteristics is proposed by using a gated full-wave rectifier and relations are deduced to define the pull-in range. A family of curves relating the frequency difference fd and the beat frequency fb of the closed loop are obtained for different time constants of the smoothing circuit. Extended experimental work to verify the theoretical relations has been carried out and good correspondence has been obtained.