الفهرس 
AbstractOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
To achieve environmental decarbonization and net zero emissions and to update the COP27 plan, the objective of future scientific research is improvement of alternative sustainable renewable energy sources. Green hydrogen fuel is an ideal solution for harmful vehicular emissions, climate change, and energy demand. There is increasing progress in energy research and bio-H2 technologies since hydrogen is a great alternative in the future of renewable energy and transportation. However, the expansion of the H2 market is restricted by their affordability, a global abundance of resources for increased production, range, safe storage, and sustained microbial cell components. The biosources of hydrogen are promising in the future. Green hydrogen achieves immediate, rapid, deep, and sustained reductions in global emissions. The importance of developing green energy, including renewable energy and low emission, at all levels as a part of diversifying energy mixes and systems, in line with international circumstances by utilization and production of green hydrogen from biological sources (microalgae) can say that we on the way of COP27 updates.
In this paper, the performance of biohydrogen generation was studied through the design of different shapes of microalgae. Free and immobilized microalgae were studied. The three selected microalgae strains were cultivated, collected the biomass, and estimated the optical density (OD) under normal conditions. The immobilized microalgae shapes were fabricated via using the alginate immobilization method to improve their efficiency for hydrogen generation under solar light. The promising species of microalgae were characterized by various techniques, including FT-IR, EDX, SEM, and UV-VIS spectroscopy, and evaluated as a photocatalyst in PBV water splitting. PBV performance of encapsulated Ba9 is higher than other studied species which was attributed to the low value of the optical band gap and their biological, physiological, genetic, morphological, and structural properties. Also, the number of the produced hydrogen moles was estimated quantitively to be 16.03 mmol h-1 cm-2. Its IPCE% was ∼7% at 460 nm with excellent stability. Furthermore, this membrane has remarkable stability after 100 reused cycles which was ascribed to its high stability. Finally, the encapsulated Ba9 thin film had the maximum hydrogen production and can be utilized for PBV cell construction and effective hydrogen production.