الفهرس 
Introductionيوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
”Background: Traditional treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) was reported to have severe adverse effects toward healthy cells, commonly used 5- FU. Therefore, searching for a medicinal plant (phytochemicals) like Graviola or Annona muricata (AM) was a demand to emphasize the efficacy and selective cytotoxicity of Graviola on cancer cells. Moreover, the associated less cytotoxicity on oral epithelial cell (OEC) was acquired to be investigated, whether Graviola used singly or in combination with 5-FU. Aim of the study: This study aimed to assess the cytotoxicity and apoptotic activity of Graviola and/or 5-fluorouracil on UM-SCC 14C (OSCC) cell line and OEC line. Methods: Cell culture for UM-SCC 14C cell line and OEC line in DEMEM media to detect cytotoxicity of both chemotherapeutic and herbal drugs when applied singly or in combination using MTT assay to produce the half maximum inhibitory concentration value (IC50) and flow cytometric analysis to detect the percentage of apoptotic cells. Results: Dose-dependent cytotoxic activity for Graviola and 5-FU, was a significant result for the MTT assay, as the percentage of cell inhibition increased with the dose. The combination of both drugs gave less cytotoxic effect on normal epithelial cells compared to 5- FU alone and gives an efficient cytotoxic effect on cancer cells. Flow cytometric analysis revealed an increase in early apoptotic cells and a reduction or inhibition of late apoptotic cells. Exclusively, Graviola treated UM-SCC 14C cell line revealed an increase in late apoptotic cells indicating long-acting potent anticancer effect. Conclusions: Graviola induces the demand and comparable cytotoxic effect to 5-FU upon UM-SCC 14C cell line with lesser cytotoxic effect than that of 5-FU on normal cells. Therefore, Graviola has been observed to have selective cytotoxicity and might be used as a potential antineoplastic agent independently or combinatory.