الفهرس 
Introduction & RationaleOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common nutritional deficiency in both developing and developed countries. It affects 20-50% of the world’s population and is common in young children. In Egypt, not many studies have been done on this problem in children, and little progress has been made in combating anemia and IDA, particularly in rural communities.
The main cause of anemia is iron deficiency due to inadequate intake of bioavailable iron from the diet. Furthermore, it may be due to factors such as reduced absorption during meals (e.g., due to tannin in tea and phytate in unleavened bread) or to infection with intestinal helminthes, which cause blood loss (e.g., Trichuris trichiura, Schistosoma mansoni, hookworms, Fasciola spp.) or interfere with iron absorption in the intestinal tract (e.g., Giardia intestinalis, Ascaris lumbricoides).
Risk factors for IDA include high birth order, big family size, limited maternal education, and low family income.
Many vital aspects of human health are adversely affected by anemia, including energy, temperature regulation, behavior, and immune function.
There is direct link between iron deficiency (particularly during early childhood) and poor cognitive performance and motor and psychomotor development. Consequently, negative correlations have been identified between childhood anemia and academic achievement, including grades, attendance, and attainment.
Recognizing and treating anemia are especially critical since developmental and behavioral damages have been shown to have long-