الفهرس 
Diabetes mellitusOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM), commonly known as diabetes, is a group of
metabolic disorders characterized by high blood sugar levels over a
prolonged period. It is due to either the pancreas not producing enough
insulin (Type 1 diabetes), or the cells of the body not responding properly
to the insulin produced (Type 2 diabetes).
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is characterized by autoimmune
destruction of pancreatic beta-cell by T lymphocytes and macrophages.
The disease is usually diagnosed when over 80-90% of beta-cells have
been destructed by the infiltrating immune system. T1DM development is
slow, providing a potentially long window of time in which it is possible
to identify and theoretically treat individual who at risk.
The first sign of autoimmunity against beta-cells, frequently
detectable a few months/years before the appearance of clinical
symptoms, is the occurrence of antibodies against beta-cell antigens.
microRNAs are a class of small noncoding RNAs that negatively
regulate gene expression by partially pairing to the 3’-5’ untranslated
region of their target mRNAs