الفهرس 
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Abstract
Thyroid nodules are very common clinical and
radiological entities, their incidence increases with age and they
have a variable appearance from the solid to the cystic nature,
however, most of the nodules tend to have a benign nature and
the malignancy has been reported in less than 5% of the
nodules (Shokry et al., 2018).
Despite great improvement in diagnostic techniques
there is still a large problem to use a non-invasive and reliable
technique to differentiate benign from malignant thyroid
nodules. To date, little information is available about the use of
MR imaging in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer (Messina et al.,
2020).
Diffusion-weighted (DW) magnetic resonance imaging
(MRI) is a type of functional imaging that was employed at first
for neuro-imaging purposes, recently it had gained a wide range
of extra cranial applications in different body parts including
the head and neck regions for differentiation of benign and
malignant nodules, helping in the tumor staging, and for
detection of the post operative recurrences and the residual
tumor masses(Shokry et al., 2018).
Moreover, it had been described as a follow up study for
assessment of the therapeutic responses in the head and neck