الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Search engines are now an essential part of our daily lives, providing us with immediate access to a vast amount of information on the internet. They have transformed the way we search for and acquire knowledge by simplifying the process of finding answers to our questions. Information Retrieval (IR) is a field of study that focuses on effectively retrieving data from vast and complex sources. Search engines, recommendation systems, and Question Answering (QA) systems all make use of IR in various ways.