الفهرس 
دلالة الفروق بين المجموعتين التجريبية والضابطة فى المتغيرات البدنية والمهارية مقياس السلوك الصحي والنفسي فى كرة اليد قيد البحث..........................يوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
Education in the field of physical education is now going through a period of development imposed by the nature of the times. The increasing development of mobile device technologies and their widespread use in recent years requires the discovery of new horizons that allow them to be used in education. A new concept emerged, which is mobile learning, which is considered one of the most important distance education systems. It is a point at which mobile or portable device technologies meet with e-learning and distance education systems to provide educational experiences without being restricted by time or place, as it is considered an interaction between the human element involved in the education process and educational devices and tools in order to achieve educational goals and solve education problems.
There is no doubt that the best type of education is that education that generates suspense for knowledge and makes the educational process more vital. With the use of modern technology in the educational process, the number of teachers who want to teach their students in creative ways has increased.
Diaa Mutawa and Hassan Al-Khalifa (2015) indicate that the teaching method is one of the most important pillars in achieving the goals of the educational process in the educational system, so many methods and methods of teaching have emerged that highlight the role of the learner as a main focus in the educational process after the teacher by using educational technology and modern teaching methods, To use various mental and self-activities, which aim to encourage the student to search, investigate and question, making him capable of scientific thinking while activating the student’s role to achieve comprehensive quality in education outcomes.
(19: 139)
With the advent of mobile learning devices that have the ability to connect to the Internet, the QR code has witnessed a great development in the emergence of many applications, and the QR code can be placed in the context of mobile learning. information such as written text, a link to websites on the Internet, social networking sites or any other data, and to decode the QR code, the user must have a mobile device equipped with a camera and a program to read codes in order to scan the QR code ), and there are many programs that create and read (QR code). (5:33)
The idea of the QR Code started in the year (1994) by the Japanese Denso-Wave, which is a matrix code or a barcode in a two-dimensional matrix. The name of this barcode as QR refers to the words “Quick Response” or the rapid response, and the word means the term “quick response code.” (12 :63)
The QR code is used in the educational process to increase motivation towards learning and self-learning, and to motivate learners to search and explore (22: 35).
One of the most important features of the QR code is that it is a means of entering and collecting data, and it is characterized by simplicity, accuracy and low cost. It allows access to various information easily and quickly, and provides the opportunity for learners to integrate into educational activities, collect information and display it in a fast and accurate manner, and facilitates the process of exchanging it, speed and simplicity. Information retrieval and storage, and learners answer a question by reading a symbol from the barcode and writing the answer on the paper.(56:38)
Healthy behavior also expresses every activity that the individual undertakes to develop his health, such as healthy food, sports activity, compliance with medical instructions, follow-up of treatment, and avoiding danger and pathogenic behavior, and nutritional behaviors that most athletes lack proper eating habits and knowledge of healthy nutritional behaviors, as the results of many foreign studies showed Previous studies conducted on students of faculties of physical education in America, Britain and Nigeria indicated that there is a decrease in knowledge related to healthy eating habits and behaviors, materials and nutritional supplements in providing the necessary energy. (60: 58)
Studying the extent of awareness of some aspects of behavioral, food and health culture may lead to significant shifts in the level of awareness of athletes and direct them to pay attention to those aspects they have. Their presence in educational schools and sports clubs indicates that some players lack awareness of behavioral aspects and food and health culture.
(73: 177)
As a part of general education, physical education seeks to improve the individual to make him more balanced and has the ability to harmonize with his environment and society. The psychological climate, which is one of the psychological phenomena studied by sports psychology, which shows psychological preparation and an attempt to benefit from the positive factors contributing to victory and an attempt to avoid the negative factors that cause defeat.
The psychological concept is considered one of the important psychological concepts that provide each player with a special perception that he is aware of within his cognitive framework, and it may differ somewhat from the others’ perception of it, as each individual has a unique awareness and perception, but the important thing in that is how the individual perceives his psychological climate, and the greater the awareness The individual, due to his psychological climate, pushed more and more to express that, not only by word and deed, but also by innovation and creativity. (17 :66)
As experiences and experiences have proven that psychological preparation is an educational process that plays a role in the achievement of the player and the team, so psychologists have paid attention to studying the psychological climate of sports teams because of its impact on the sports level, especially team games, where the degree of emotion of the player is affected by the extent of the task of the situation or the stimulus, and the greater the The individual experiences in playing the stronger his emotions, so he is not shaken by the slightest thing. (21: 55)
Here, the importance of the study lies in shedding light on the individual’s awareness of the health and psychological climate within the team and his relationship with colleagues, as well as evaluating these relationships clearly to serve the game, as well as identifying the level of health behaviors and psychological climate among students and addressing the students’ needs for these variables through the mental health educational program in the form of Units and their impact on following healthy behaviors, reducing emotional levels, and directing students’ behaviors in handball, which are reflected negatively or positively according to behavioral attitudes. (46: 70)
Research problem:
Through the experience and work of the researcher in the field of teaching handball in the school, she noticed that the students did not reach the required level of mastery in the level of skill performance in handball, despite the efforts made with them. The researcher attributed this to several reasons, the most important of which is the teaching method used and the increase in the number of students. In the class, which results in a lack of communication and interaction between the teacher and the student, and does not allow students to participate effectively in the educational situation, and the lack of time allotted for teaching, and its insufficiency to cover all the vocabulary of the curriculum prescribed for the subject in an optimal manner and to improve the scientific level of students, and work to increase their motivation towards learning skills The basics in handball found most of the researchers’ interest in developing the physical and skillful side without paying attention to the health and psychological side, although the health and psychological side plays an important role in the students’ acquisition of basic skills, because the health and psychological preparation completes the physical and skill preparation, and without them the required goals cannot be achieved .
The researcher found that it is possible to use a booklet equipped with many QR codes, as an attempt to raise the skill, health and psychological level of the students, in addition to keeping pace with technological development and modern trends in teaching, which call for the development of the traditional method that relies on a single source of knowledge. It is the explanation on the part of the teacher, followed by the presentation of the model without the slightest actual participation of the students in the educational situation, which led to the students standing in a negative position in the learning process.
To the knowledge of the researcher and her theoretical readings and review of previous studies, she did not find a study that dealt with the use of the QR code in measuring the level of skill, health and psychological performance in handball, so the researcher saw the importance of conducting a scientific study to teach basic skills and acquire healthy behavior and psychological climate in handball. Handball by designing a booklet equipped with many QR codes, and to take advantage of the codes inside the booklet, all the student has to do is point the phone camera closely to this code, and the application will automatically recognize the code through the scanning process, and the skill part will appear, and pictures and videos will appear Teaching basic skills in handball, as well as healthy behaviors and psychological climate.
Objective Of This Research :
To identify the effect of a psychological health educational program using the QR Code on learning some basic skills and healthy and psychological behavior in handball.
Research hypotheses :
1. There are statistically significant differences between the mean of the pre and post measurement of the control group in favor of the post measurement in ”offensive skills and health and psychological behavior” under study.
2. There are statistically significant differences between the mean of the pre and post measurement of the experimental group in favor of the post measurement in the ”health and psychological offensive skills” under study.
3. There are statistically significant hypotheses between the mean of the two post-measurements of the experimental and control groups in favor of the post-measurement of the experimental group in the ”health and psychological offensive skills” under study.
The Research Procedures :
The research Methods
The researcher used the experimental method by using the experimental design of two groups, one experimental and the other controlling, using (pre-post) measurement, due to its relevance to the nature of this research.
Society and sample The research :
The research community represents female students of the first preparatory grade at Al-Nasiriyah School in Al-Sharqia Governorate for the first semester of the year 2021/2022 AD, and their number is (54) students, and their ages range from 12-15 years. The research sample was chosen by the intentional method and it consisted of (40) students. It consists of (20) female students and a control group of (20) female students, in addition to the sample of the exploratory study from the same original community for the research and from outside the basic research sample, which has a strength of (10) female students.
Survey study:
The exploratory study was conducted from 10/16/2022 to 10/20/2020 on a randomly selected sample of fifth grade students from the research community and outside the basic research sample consisting of (10) female students, with the aim of:
Tribal measurement:
The researcher conducted a tribal measurement on the basic research sample in the basic skills in handball under study and the health and psychological behavior scale, on Sunday and Monday corresponding to 10/23/24/2022.
Implementation of the tutorial:
After the researcher made sure that the two research groups (experimental and control) were equal, she carried out the basic research experiment from Thursday, 10/27/2022 to Sunday, 12/4/2022.
Dimensional measurements:
After completing the application of the proposed educational program on both the control and experimental groups, a post-measurement was conducted in the basic skills in handball under study and the measure of health and psychological behavior, during the period from Sunday and Monday corresponding to 11-12/12/2022.
Statistical treatments:
The researcher used both Excel and SPSS to process statistical data. The researcher used the following methods:
• Mean.
• Standard Deviation.
• Correlation (person)
• Cronbachs Alpha
• Chi - Square
• Percentage.
Conclusions and recommendations
Conclusions:
• The proposed program using Qr code contributed to the improvement of some basic skills in handball (passing - dribbling - shooting) and the health and psychological behavior scale under study.
• The traditional program, using the explanation and the performance of the model, contributed to the improvement of some basic skills in handball (passing - dribbling - shooting) and the health and psychological behavior scale under study.
• The superiority of the proposed program using Qr code over the traditional program using the explanation and the performance of the model in improving some basic skills in handball (passing - dribbling - shooting) and the health and psychological behavior scale under study.
Recommendations:
• Using interactive books supported by code reader technology in teaching handball skills and other sports in all different educational stages in different schools.
• Using new and programmed methods in light of the easy availability of laptops, iPads, smart phones and modern devices in the classroom and benefiting from their presence with most students to teach the curricula of physical education in general and the sport (handball) under discussion in particular.
• Training teachers to create their own interactive books in the sports education curricula in general and the sport (handball) under discussion in particular.
• The need to spread mental health behavior among schoolgirls.
• Conducting periodic medical examinations to accurately identify the students’ health and psychological condition.