الفهرس 
International prostate symptom score (IPSS)Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common benign disease in men with various lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and the fourth most common disease among men aged 50 years and older (Issa et al.,2006). Clinically BPH results in LUTS , which can be classified as storage, voiding, and post micturition, and often affect patients’ quality of life (QoL) (Tubaro et al.,2017). LUTS in men may originate from the bladder, the prostate or the urethra and occur during storage, voiding, or post-voiding )D’Ancona et al.,2019). The increase in prevalence with aging can be attributed to age-related changes in the lower urinary tract including increased spontaneous bladder contractions, reduced contractile function of the bladder, decreased sensation of bladder filling ,diminished bladder capacity, and comorbidities such as bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) from benign prostatic hyperplasia (Gibson and Wagg , 2017). Patients with BPH may have one predominant type of symptom rather than other symptoms, and symptoms often appear in different forms as the disease progresses