الفهرس 
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Abstract
Egypt has been launched a low carbon roadmap for the cement industry in 2016. A clear message included in the roadmap regarding cement Bypass dust washing with fresh water (1 ton water per 1.5 ton of bypass, around 1.8 Mt of water if all Egyptian Bypass will be treated and recycled) which will be problematic in the dry Egyptian environment and any solution depends on its economic feasibility.
The Mineral carbonation is one of the typical carbon capture, utilization and storage technologies, to obtain synthetic carbonates from metal oxide and CO2. However, the technology is known to be extremely challenging to achieve economic feasibility because of expensive chemical solvents which count for most of the cost. To overcome this limitation, we conducted a pilot laboratory study to secure the economic viability of the technology by replacing these chemical solvents with costless metallic carbon dioxide cylinders. For the current study, we carried out cement kiln dust (CKD) with mineral CO2 gas, (1st is an alkali industrial by-product & 2nd is a flue gas from the production process). In this study paper, we converted CO2 to CaCO3 product, which is similar in both quantitative and qualitative respects to the existing studies. With a steady flow rate of 0.9 L/m of carbon dioxide furthermore fixed time and temperature the carbonation of CKD could increase dramatically. With increasing Time reaching 270 Sec, the rate of carbonation increases. By changing Temperature with constant Flow & Time, it is confirmed that the best temperature around 550 C. Finally with flow 0.9 l/m, Time of 270 sec and Temperature of 550 C the conversion rate reaches 35% and by changing temp to 450 C we could obtain conversion ratio of 27%.
The CO2 flow rate is one component, which can attain Ca from CKD, and significant effects on carbonation efficiency had been founded. The solid- gas ratio, Temp & flow were the most important factor in the CaO conversion process. the microstructure, morphology, and thermal traits of the studied samples are characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to indicate phases composition, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) measurements.
The Uniqueness of the study is capturing CO2 to achieve Net zero Pledge and obtain Calcium carbonate to reuse again and save natural resources.
This lab study proves the capability of dry process to treat cement Bypass dust using dry process and avoid using fresh water especially in the dry Egyptian Environment. By looking to the industrial scale and fortunately the existing systems will allow a new point of study moving to the industrial scale.
Keywords: Mineral Carbonation, Cement Kiln Dust, Carbon Capture, Morphology, and Phases Composition.