الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Hip joint starts it’s intrauterine development in the 8th week of fertilization .
It is a synovial ball and socket joint with wide range of motion ,composed of proximal femur and acetabulum .Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a spectrum of disorders of development of the hip that present in different forms at different ages. The common etiology is excessive laxity of the hip capsule with a failure to maintain the femoral head within the acetabulum. The syndrome in the newborn consists of instability of the hip such that the femoral head can be displaced partially (subluxated) or fully (dislocated) .DDH can be diagnosed clinically and radiographically by ultrasound, x-ray ,ct scan, arthrography, and MRI .This can be managed conservatively in first 6 months or surgically according to it’sdegree , stage and child’s age at time of surgery .In selected cases with special criteria surgery can be done with assistance of arthroscope.Now arthroscopy plays an important role in surgery in this era,It is used with open reduction of dislocated hip joints in patients less than 2 years old helping reduction ,and less time of operation with less incidence of AVN and less blood loss than open surgery alone.