الفهرس 
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Abstract
Summary
Diabetes mellitus type 1 is an autoimmune disease, where genetic predisposition, environmental factors play a role in the etiology which activate the autoimmune process leading to the destruction of pancreatic β-cells and consequent insulin deficiency by the molecular mimicry mechanism. Diabetic nephropathy occurs in approximately one-third of all people with diabetes and is the leading cause of renal failure in developed and developing countries. It remains the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD)
miRNAs, are small, highly conserved, non-coding RNA sequences that range from 19 to 25 nucleotides that are involved in development, organogenesis, proliferation and apoptosis, among other cell processes. Several studies have demonstrated that miR-155 participates in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications, which include nephropathy, neuropathy, cardiomyopathy, and retinopathy
A prospective case control study was conducted during the period from October 2022 to... In Pediatric Department at Beni- Suef University Hospital and Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department at Faculty of Medicine_Beni-Suef Universityto assess the relation between expression of microRNA-155 and diabetic nephropathy in type 1 diabetic children. This study included 40 patients with diabetes according to includion and exclusion criteria and 20 healthy controls with matched age and sex. Cases were divided into 2 groups; group (1) included 20 patients with diabetic nephropathy and group (2) that included 20 patients diabetics without nephropathy.
All individuals included in the study were subjected to full history taking, full physical examination and investigations including kidney functions (creatinine, urea), HBA1C, urinary albumin creat ratio and measurement of microRNA-155 by reverse transcriptase real time PCR.
We found that urea, creatinine, A/C ratio and Hb A1c levels were significantly higher in cases than controls. miR- 155 Gene Expression was significantly higher in cases than controls. miR- 155 Gene Expression was excellent in diagnosing diabetes with Area under the ROC curve = 1.000. Using 1.35 as a cut off value both sensitivity and specificity of miR- 155 Gene Expression in diagnosing diabetes were 100%.
Urea, creatinine, AC ratio and HbA1c levels were levels significantly higher in diabetic patients with nephropathy than diabetic patients without nephropathy and controls. They were also significantly higher in diabetic patients without nephropathy than controls.
miR- 155 Gene Expression was significantly higher in diabetic patients with nephropathy than diabetic patients without nephropathy and controls.miR- 155 Gene Expression was also significantly higher in diabetic patients without nephropathy than controls.miR- 155 Gene Expression was excellent in diagnosing diabetic nephropathy with Area under the ROC curve = 1.000. Using 2.65 as a cut off value both sensitivity and specificity of miR- 155 Gene Expression in diagnosing diabetic nephropathy were 100%.
Duration of diabetes was significantly higher in diabetic patients with nephropathy than diabetic patients without nephropathy.miR- 155 Gene Expression was significantly and positively correlated with age, duration of diabetes, urea, creatinine, A/C ratio and Hb A1c.