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Abstract
Gossypium herbaceum L var africanum (Watt) Hutch. and Ghose. It is one of the wild cotton taxa detected in Siwa oasis Egypt. It is one of the ancestors of Egyptian cotton (G. barbadense). This study is the first detailed study carried out on this variety. Cytological and molecular (ITS, SNP) results of the present confirmed the identification of this wild Egyptian cotton is Gossypium herbaceum L africanum. The retrieved data were published on DNA Data Bank of Japan (DDBJ) under codes AB972867, AB972868 and AB972869. This study focus on the physiological characters which may be related to the stress tolerance of this plant such as : soluble carbohydrate, antioxidant activity and total amino acids. Furthermore, the results revealed the presence of two drought tolerant genes were detected (SOD and DREB)