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Abstract
Engines cold starting (cranking) in low ambient temperatures is considered a serious problem, especially for sub - zero ambient temperatures. At low temperatures, only small percentage of fuel is evaporated resulting in air - vapor mixture near the flammability limits that needs ignition energy that could not be supplied by conventional ignition system. Generally, to achieve better engine startability, more fuel has to be injected which leads to further increase in hydrocarbon emissions. The above mentioned problem results in the condensation of part of the liquid during cold starting conditions. This can be treated by using gaseous fuels instead of liquid during this period. This study uses three different gaseous fuels, hydrogen, natural gas, and liquid petroleum gas to compare the results with each other and also with gasoline. The parameters that are considered in the study are the number of cranking cycles till engine starting, the pressure cranking angle during starting and part of warming up, time temperature history, and the emissions of the engine during part of warming up