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Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of using of dried orange pulp (DOP) as an alternative energy source in ration of holstein dairy cows on milk yield and composition, nutrient digestibility, blood parameters, Salmonella SPP and E. coli as pathogenic bacteria. For that purpose, 40 Holstein lactating cows (550 ±50 kg average body weight, in the 1 - 3 seasons of lactation and average of 20 kg daily milk yield, DMY) were randomly divided into four homogeneous groups (ten each) and fed concentrate feed mixtures containing DOP at 0, 25, 50 and 75% substitution of yellow corn grains (G1, G2, G3 and G4, respectively). The milk production trial lasted 13 weeks. The DMY was recorded weekly (10 animals/ group). Milk samples were taken monthly from 5 animals in each group