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Abstract
This research investigates the correlation between serum, seminal and testicular leptin levels and sperm retrieval in functional azoospermic men. The study included 61 men classified into 4 groups; normozoospermia, obstructive azoospermia, positive non-obstructive azoospermia and negative non-obstructive azoospermia. Both normozoospermic and obstructive azoospermic groups were used as control groups. The prediction accuracy for follicle-stimulating hormone and serum, seminal and testicular leptin were compared by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The most relevant conclusions for this study were leptin has a role in spermatogenesis, and seminal leptin can be used as a good assistant marker to increase the prediction accuracy for sperm retrieval in functional azoospermic men