الفهرس 
Title : Clinical assessment of Marginal and internal fit of intra-radicular extention Design versus no extention design Endocrowns made of pressable Lithium Disilicate (Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial)
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Abstract
One of the fundamental elements of fixed prosthodontics is conservatism, which aims
to preserve the tooth’s root structure and lengthen its lifespan. Restoration of severely
damaged teeth that have undergone endodontic treatment continues to be a clinical issue.
By exploiting the pulp chamber walls’ macro-retentive support and the micromechanical
retention produced by adhesive cementation, the Endocrown method is completed without
the use of a post application.
This clinical study compared two designs of lithium disilicate endodontic crown
restorations with intra-radicular extension to standard endodontic crown restorations
without extension in order to assess clinical performance (in terms of marginal adaptation,
fracture, retention, and soft tissue response). For molar teeth, 26 endocrowns were
created. According to the preparation plans, the patients were split into two groups.
(Design for intra-radicular extension) Group1 and Group2 (conventional no extension
design). The first restorations were made of PMMA resin (mammoth PMMA resin), and
the final restorations were made of lithium disilicate (Ivoclar-Vivadent, Schann,
Liechtenstein).
The Cad/Cam (ceramill motion 2) machine and software were used to fabricate the
endocrowns (Exocad). Sandblasting and a silane coupling agent (Bisco) were used to
prepare the repair surfaces, and self-adhesive resin cement was used for cementation
(visalys cem, kettenbach).
Both groups’ soft tissue responses, fractures, and retention were assessed using
modified United States Public Health Services (USPHS) standards.
All quantitative variables are put to the test for normality using the Shapiro-Wilk test
before the proper parametric and non-parametric tests are selected. When comparing the
means of two groups for variables that are discovered to have a normally distributed
distribution, an independent samples t parametric test is used. Kruskal-Wallis is used for
non-normally distributed variables. When comparing many groups, nonparametric tests
are employed, whereas Mann-Whitney nonparametric tests are used when comparing just
two groups.
To examine the impact of groups and position as main factors and their interaction on
internal gap, a two-way General Linear Model (GLM) ANOVA is used. Internal gap
variables are typically not normally distributed, therefore non parametric testing are
applicable. The marginal gap of both groups may be considered to be normally distributed,
so parametric tests are used.
The Mean, Standard Deviation (SD), Range (Minimum - Maximum), Standard Error (SE),
95% confidence interval of the mean, Median, and Inter-quartile range are used to
characterise quantitative values (IQR). Frequencies and percentages are used to describe
qualitative category variables. For comparing two groups, the Fisher exact probability test
is used.
The threshold for significance was chosen at P 0.01. Statistical analysis was done using
IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 23.0. IBM Corp., New York, Armonk
According to the results of our investigation, there was no statistically significant
difference between the two groups in terms of soft tissue reaction, marginal adaption,