الفهرس 
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Abstract
Salivary gland tumors are one of the most difficult areas of diagnostic pathology, with significant morphological diversity and many overlapping features. Pleomorphic adenoma is benign tumor, occurs mostly in young age.
Squamous cell carcinoma is one of the most common tumors in the malignant tumors seriously endangering people’s life and health.
The main issue of this study was to detected the Cox-2 levels in different salivary gland tumors (mucocele, pleomorphic adenoma and squamous cell carcinoma).
We detected the Cox-2 levels by: immunohistochemical study, real time PCR, morphometric analysis and statistical analysis.
In our study, we collected 30 samples of salivary gland tissue. By hematoxylin and eosin staining, we diagnosed the samples to: 1 one normal tissue,7 mucocele (3 extravasation mucoceles ,4 retention mucoceles), 15 pleomorphic adenomas and 7 squamous cell carcinomas.
Regarding to immunohistochemical analysis, the expression of Cox-2 is statistically significant between normal tissue in comparison with mucocele, pleomorphic adenoma and squamous cell carcinoma and it is significant between mucocele in comparison with pleomorphic adenoma and squamous cell carcinoma. This increasing may support the role of Cox-2 in aggressiveness of these lesions.
Regarding to real-time PCR, our data revealed the expression levels of COX-2 were higher in oral squamous cell carcinoma, pleomorphic adenoma and mucocele samples when compared to control group. The highest expression was found in SCC of salivary gland followed by pleomorphic adenoma and finally mucocele. We suggest that the COX-2 can be used as a prognostic marker for salivary gland tumors.
Statistical analysis confirmed the highly detection of squamous cell carcinomas than pleomorphic adenomas and the least detection of the gene found in the mucoceles.
We concluded the role of cox2 gene in increasing tumorigenesis of salivary glands which considered the most serious and aggressive tumors and affect the rates of mortality.