الفهرس 
Title : Synthesis and Application of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Detection of Bisphenol A
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Abstract
Population growth and a lack of renewable water resources need the
development of possible solutions to improve the quality and reusability of
waters and wastewaters supplies. Continuous technological and industrial
innovations that emerge with the growing population produce a wide range of
water pollutants such as heavy metals, dyes, pesticides, endocrine-disrupting
chemicals (EDCs), and pharmaceuticals.
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are a class of synthetic
receptors that can be produced from a variety of polymerization reactions
involving a target template and functional monomer(s) with functional groups
that interact specifically with the template; such interactions can be tailored
based on the purpose of designing the polymer and the nature of the target
compounds. Using the proper knockout agents to remove the template makes
a ”recognition cavity” that can specifically bind to the target template. This is
the main way that MIPs can be used in electrochemical sensors. Because of
their inherent stability, selectivity, acid-base resistance, low cost, and ease of
preparation, MIPs make good materials for water analysis. They are very easy
to manufacture. The purpose of the review presented in this thesis is to discuss
the most recent MIP applications for detecting various types of water and
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wastewater contaminants from 2015 to 2021, as well as suggested approaches
for future applications.
The thesis also includes the development of an electrochemical sensor
based on molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) produced with Bisphenol A
(BPA) as a template, 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as a functional
monomer, and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as a crosslinker in a
ratio of (1:2:30), respectively. The MIP was inserted into a modified carbon
paste electrode (CPE) that contained multi-walled carbon nanotubes
(MWCNT).
BPA is an endocrine disruptor that can cause thyroid dysfunction. One
of the most serious environmental challenges related to the effects of plastics
on human health is the development of sensitive and reliable BPA detection
methods.
The step-by-step topography of the electrode production stages was
confirmed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The prepared polymers
were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was utilized to investigate the
electrode interfacial properties. While the electrochemical response was
studied with differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and cyclic voltammetry
(CV). The developed sensor demonstrated a linear dynamic range of
concentrations from 1 × 10-10 to 1 × 10-4 M (0.023 - 23 ×103 ng/mL) with a
detection limit of 8 × 10-11 M (0.02 ng/mL) and a limit of quantification of 2.4
× 10-10 M (0.05 ng/mL). BPA was successfully tested in tap water, a filtered
water (water from household purification unit), stored water in a baby bottle,
and soft drink samples with recovery ranging from 97.60 to 102.0 percent and
RSD values ranging from 0.37 to 2.45 percent, demonstrating that the
electrode could be used in real samples.