الفهرس | Only 14 pages are availabe for public view |
Abstract Postoperative pain following abdominal and pelvic surgeries is an important issue that affects postoperative recovery. Although pain after surgeries is multifactorial, pain relief increases patient satisfaction and comfort levels, reduces perioperative inflammation, promotes rehabilitation, shortens the length of hospitalization, and decreases the cost. In contrast, severe pain causes mental disorders such as anxiety and depression. Traditionally, epidural blocks and opioid consumption were used to alleviate pain; however, adverse effects such as respiratory depression, nausea, vomiting, and itching left patients unsatisfied and restricted their use. Therefore, multimodal analgesia and nonopioid systems were developed to enhance recovery after surgery. Recently, with the widespread use of ultrasonography, regional nerve blocks have become an important part of multimodal analgesia regimes, which show similar analgesic efficacy with favorable rates of side effects when compared to opioids. |