الفهرس 
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Abstract
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cancer accounted for 7.9 million deaths in 2007 making it the leading cause of death in the world. Depending on several factors including stage of cancer and condition of the patient, different treatment options are available. Main treatment principles include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immune therapy, or combinations. The survival gains with these approaches paradoxically come with an increased risk of treatment-related injury to speech and swallow function. This vexing competition between optimizing local regional control rates and function preservation can still be an issue even with the development of organ-preservation surgical approaches. A promising strategy “Specific targeted therapies” (STT) could be the new hope for solid and hematological tumors, Such as Photodynamic therapy (PDT). PDT responds to a simple concept, but results in a specific and very effective method of destroying premalignant and malignant tissues, while surrounding healthy tissues remain basically unaffected. Many PSs are used against cancer but none of them are highly specific. Moreover, most are hydrophobic, so are poorly soluble in aqueous media. To improve both the transportation of the compounds and the selectivity of the treatment, nanoparticles (NPs) have been designed. Thanks to their small size, these can accumulate in a tumor because of the well-known enhanced permeability effect. By changing the composition of the nanoparticles it is also possible to achieve other goals. Therefore, many of the current PSs being used are often encapsulated in nanostructures, such as liposomes and polymeric particles, Goldnanoparticles or are conjugated with hydrophilic polymers. These nanostructures not can only overcome the solubility problems of the PSs, but can also selectively accumulate in tumor tissues due to the EPR effect. In this study we induced 50 CD1 Swiss albino adult Mice with Ehrlich tumor in the head and neck region. Tumor was treated by Photodynamic therapy using MB as a photosensitizer, GNP and combined both to find out if this combination increase the selectivity toward the tumor cells and increase toxicity or not.