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Abstract
Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are of great therapeutic potential because of their ease of accessibility for isolation, extensive capacity for in vitro expansion, homing to sites of tissue injury, lack of tumorigenicity and immunogenicity, and ability to perform immunomodulatory as well as anti- inflammatory functions. MSCs derived from different sources hold unique regenerative potential as they are self-renewing and can differentiate into chondrocytes, osteoblasts, adipocytes, cardiomyocytes, hepatocytes, endothelial cells and neuronal cells. MSCs also have the ability to secrete multiple bioactive molecules capable of stimulating recovery of injured cells and inhibiting inflammation. An important feature about MSCs is their multilineage differentiation potential. Under defined inductive conditions, MSCs are able to acquire characteristics of cells derived from embryonic mesoderm, such as osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes, tendon cells, as well as cells possessing ectodermal and neuronal properties. However, the molecular mechanisms that govern MSCs differentiation are incompletely understood. Despite diverse and growing information concerning MSCs and their use in cell-based therapeutic strategies, the precise identity of MSCs remains a challenge, and the mechanisms that govern their self-renewal and multilineage differentiation are not well understood and remain an active area of investigation. Therefore, research efforts focused on identifying factors that regulate and control MSC fate decisions are crucial for promoting a greater understanding of the molecular, biological and physiological characteristics of this promising stem cell type and its therapeutic potentials. The aim of Work: This study is designed to evaluate the effect of Passaging of Cord blood-derived MSCs at high and low cell density and its reflection on iv proliferation capacity, telomere length, and differentiation potentials of MSCs. This evaluation process will allow for choosing the most favorable cell density and passage number for MSCs therapeutic applications