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Abstract
This study was carried out to evaluate the antibacterial effect and tissue reaction of some dental cement used for cementation of final restoration. The examined materials were glass ionomer (keteccem); ceramir cement and adhesive resin cement (rely x unicem). A specially constructed mold was used to have standard cement samples. All cements were used in form of capsules to limit human variations. The antibacterial test was evaluated using agar diffusion method using streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus on thirty petri plates of blood agar and nutrient agar. The plates were then incubated at 370C for 24 hours with cement samples for the streptococcus mutans groups and 48 hours for the lactobacillus acidophilius groups. After incubation period, the inhibition zones around cement samples were measured in millimeters by measuring the diameter of the bacterial inhibition around each sample using a ruler. Biocompatibility test was evaluated using subcutaneous implant technique. Thirty albino mice were used as subjects in this study they were anesthetized with intramuscular injection of ketamine 80-100 mg and xylazine 10 12.5 per Kg body weight. Hair was shaved from the area to be incised and the skin was disinfected with betadine solution. One incision approximately 8 mm in length was made in one side of the midline of the back. By blunt dissection with tissue forceps a pocket was created for the implant 10 mm away from the incision line, the cement and the control samples (poly ethylene tubes) were implanted one material for every mouse. The borders of the surgical wound were then approximated and closed with 000 silk sutures and observation of the tissues around the implanted samples was carried daily to detect any irritation or exfoliation of the samples. Examination was done macroscopically and microscopically at different time intervals of 2, 7 and 21 days indicating cytotoxicity which may be diminished by time