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Abstract
The emergence of non fermenting gram negative bacilli (NFGNB) as important nosocomial pathogens especially in ICUs of tertiary care hospitals is composing a great problem to modern medical practice. They primarily cause opportunistic HAIs in immunocompromised patients. These organisms are often resistant nearly to all commonly used antibiotics leading to difficult to treat infections, associated with increased morbidity and mortality; in addition to markedly increasing the costs of health care services. Documenting resistance among NFGNB is very important especially the carbapenem resistance, as these strains may often cause outbreaks in the ICU setting and limit therapeutic option. Our study aimed to investigate the prevalence of NFGNB infections among adult cancer patients at NCI, Cairo university, report their figures of antibiotic resistance and to study mechanisms of carbapenem resistance using phenotypic test (CDST - IPM test) and multiplex PCR and impact of these infections on clinical course and outcome of cancer patients. One hundred and fifty eight (158) isolates of NFGNB isolates collected from NCI, Cairo university, during the period from January 2012 to May 2013, were included in the current study. The samples were isolated from different wards and different specimens. NFGNB isolates were identified to the species level using microscan walk away 96