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Abstract
Thoracic malignancies (especially bronchogenic carcinoma and malignant pleural mesothelioma) are important global health issues and usually diagnosed in the late stages. After the discovery of leptin hormone, it was hypothesized that it has a potential role in pro-inflammatory cancer processes, as it up - regulates immunoinflammatory malignant process, promotes cancer escape from apoptosis, and the polymorphism in the leptin gene is associated with increased risk for developing non-small cell lung cancer. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of Leptin hormone as a biomarker in the diagnosis of different thoracic malignancies, with highlighting on its expression in the airways of malignant patients. Our study included 40 patients, divided into 2 groups: Thoracic malignancy group, which included 30 patients with thoracic malignancies and 10 patients with non malignant pleural effusion as a control group. All patients, of both genders, smokers or non smokers with different Body Mass index grades were were subjected to history taking, clinical examination, routine labs, chest X- ray, computed tomography of the chest with IV contrast, serum sample and body fluid samples (whether BAL / BL or pleural fluid) for leptin hormone level measurement by ELISA. Tissue biopsy was obtained only for histopathological diagnosis in the malignant group