الفهرس 
Pharmacological study of photodynamic therapy in mouse skin cancer
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Abstract
Indocyanine green (ICG) is a promising water-soluble photosensitizer (PS) for photodynamic therapy (PDT) of tumors. It was reported to have a promising phototoxic effect on different cell lines. The study objective is to evaluate the efficacy of ICG as an efficient PS agent for skin cancer induced in a two-stage mouse skin carcinogenesis model. Skin squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was induced in female CD-1 mice by 7,12-dimethylbenz[Ü]anthracene (DMBA) and 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) followed by an ICG/PDT treatment. The LASER beam used for PDT was adjusted to cover the whole body of the mice to make sure that the treatment will be delivered to each tumor cell. Treatment of skin cancer by PDT, using intravenously injected aqueous solution of ICG, initiated tumor cell death and significantly decreased tumor cell proliferation as indicated by the reduction in proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) positivity. A significant reduction in the inflammatory mediators: tumor necrosis factor-Ü (TNF-Ü), nitric oxide (NO) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) was reported, however the level of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) was significantly elevated after ICG/PDT treatment. The present study indicated that the proposed treatment modality of ICG/PDT showed a good anti-tumor activity. However, it could be recommended to combine the proposed treatment modality with a suitable COX-2 inhibitor in order to potentiate the anti-tumor effects of PDT