الفهرس 
Assessment of Lateral and Vertical tissue displacement obtained by the retraction cord and the diode laser: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
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Abstract
There are different materials and techniques that can be used nowadays for retraction each has
its Pros and cons the choice depends on the doctor preference, amount of dilation needed, the
clinical situation, effect of the material on the gingival health, cost of the material, Patient
satisfaction. Dentists now Prefer smart technology that can have the effect of retraction of the
retraction cord but with less time, less bleeding, more tissue recovery and more friendly to the
patient. So, this study was designed to compare diode laser troughing with the standard type of retraction
which is the retraction cord regarding the amount of Lateral, Vertical retraction and patient comfort and
satisfaction . 22 patients were selected seeking full coverage PFM restoration in the anterior esthetic zone
with age range from 20-45 years old ,with periodontally healthy abutments, thick gingival biotypes, good
oral hygiene and after signing the informed consent , the teeth were prepared to receive subgingival deep
chamfer finish line with thickness 0.8-1mm and the position of the finish line intracrevicularly was
determined according to the sulcus depth and they were divided into 2 groups: group I : patients having
retraction with the retraction cord (n=11), group II : Patients having retraction with the diode laser
(n=11),then the amount of retraction was measured by using a stereomicroscope (x10) magnification after
sectioning of the pre and post retracted dies and the amount of reraction was measured at the midbuccal
surface and the transitional line angles mesially and distally. And Patients were allowed to fill a numeric
pain scale from (0-5) according to comely and demeyer to assess the
amount of pain during application of both materials. The results showed that there was a significant
difference between both materials regarding the amount of lateral and vertical retraction as the diode laser
gave more lateral and vertical retraction, for the patient satisfaction there was significant difference as
diode laser paste gave better results for both